British Imperialism: 1870-1914

There are many historical events that marked the British Imperialism of 1870 to 1914. Great Britain’s African rule was established and consolidated. This was focused mainly in the East and Southern Africa. British won the conflict with the French in Fashoda in 1898. Further, Britain also defeated Dutch resistance in the Boer War between 1899 and 1902. Britain also annexed Rhodesia into its territory. Great Britain got power over Burma and Malaysia. The two â€Å"opium wars† one in 1839 to 1842 and the second 1856 to 1860 widened the trade with China and the loss of Port of Vladivostok along the Pacific Ocean.Most importantly, Great Britain won the conflict for rule over India against France. The British East India Company was instrumental in consolidating the British rule in India. The British policy was very clear and that was to exploit India economically. There were problems for the British no doubt, for instance there was the â€Å"sepoy† mutiny of 1857-58 th at was quickly put down. Further, in 1885 Indian National Congress was established and that marked increased nationalism in India. This imperialism paid because during the World War I India supported Great Britain with men and finances (Matias.P 267). This brings us to the reason for British Imperialism between 1870 and 1914. The most important reason for the imperialism was economic. This was fuelled by the industrial revolution. This generated large amounts of capital in Great Britain as well as a huge demand for raw materials to feed the factories. There was a need for Britain to procure raw materials from abroad as well as seek investment opportunities for the new capital. Adding to this reason was the need to express nationalism. Imperialism provided Great Britain an opportunity to expand colonialism.There was a spirit of acquisition and a political race among the European countries to acquire more and more colonies (Laity, P. 74). Finally, the most powerful impetus in Great Br itain was the military. The military exerted great power in Britain and the military stressed the need for Britain to control importantly located areas and the need to set up military bases in key locations. To add to this cauldron of reasons was a religious fervor that favored imperialism. The extension of colonies was believed to be an act of humanitarianism in Great Britain.There are very mixed opinions on what benefits imperialism brought to Britain. There are suggestions by economists that with unemployment and industrial stagnation at home, the export of capital was a miscalculation. Economists believed that Great Britain would have been much better off with its capital at home rather than investing it abroad in colonies. The investments in colonies were not believed to be productive. Capture of new markets and expansion of economic imperialism was sadly behind schedule and satisfactory.Late nineteenth century capital investments in colonies were believed to be non-productive. The returns were lower than investments made back in Great Britain. On the other hand the argument that imperialism was humanist is nature is refuted by ‘nationalist’ writers who discuss the economic costs of British imperialism to Britain’s colonies, most prominently India. These writers claim that the British did not bring finances, medical advancement or prosperity to India; instead they brought with them a lasting legacy of backwardness and poverty.In other words it is argued that British imperialism brought economic impairment both to Britain and its colonies. Those who insist that British Imperialism brought benefits assert that Great Britain brought economic openness to its colonies especially in the period 1870 to 1914. This openness was brought not only to African and Asian colonies but also to South America and Japan. In addition, the proponents of British Imperialism point out that Great Britain allowed some emigration to some of its colonies and so p romoted the migration of labor from less developed to more developed societies.Moreover, historians claim that British Imperialism led to greater movement of investment capital to agrarian societies. Further, in its colonies British Imperialism has brought about good governance that includes the right to private property, reasonable and efficient government, What the British did in its colonies was to hold taxes to moderate levels. The British Imperialism is reputed to have provided its colonies with honest governments; there was not much nepotism. The government provided in the colonies was responsive to the needs of the people.The government and the law provided backing to enforcement of contracts and most importantly, the British imperialism provided in its colonies a right to individual liberty, especially against felony and corruption (Heyck, T, 35). The British established the common law in its colonies. From 1870s the British practiced the principle of keeping the tariffs low and the practice of cheap bread. In much of the British colonies the tariffs were also kept low except for the Dominions that were given the right to set their own tariffs in late nineteenth century.Had Britain withdrawn from its colonies in the late nineteenth century then larger tariffs would have been imposed against its exports and tariff barriers would have become the norm (Twaddle, M 17). The British Imperialism took place in the context of increasing tussle in Europe over strategic position, resources and esteem. During the period preceding 1870 that is between 1815 and 1871, Great Britain enjoyed profits of industrialization relatively easily. The British industry could produce expertly produced goods that could capture any market and out compete any other local products.However, the Franco-Prussian war in 1871 challenged the position of Britain. From the economic point of view what happened was that the industrial supremacy was gradually replaced with a need for financial conquest. In the latter half of the nineteenth century the industrial and commercial sluggishness in Britain spurred the formation of large companies and even conglomerates. The financial sector increased its influence over the British politics. There was a clamor that the government should protect the foreign investments.What prompted such demands was that the foreign investments were in assets like railroads and there was political unrest in several colonies where the investment had been made. In 1875 Britain purchased the shareholdings of the Egyptian ruler Ismail and managed to establish control over the Suez Canal. The French control in the area ended when the British occupied Egypt in 1882. After this the British wanted to control the Nile valley. For this they conquered Sudan between 1896 and 1898. The focus of the British Empire then focused on South Africa and in 1899 completed the takeover of that country.The British Empire had reaped great harvests from occupying Transvaa l with its deposits of gold and the Orange Free State (Cain, P 250). The British High Commissioner Alfred Miller pleaded for a British Empire that ranged from â€Å"Cape to Cairo† and that should be linked by railroad. This he explained would help exploit the minerals of the region. The military still exercised its say in the expansion of its Imperialism. To counter the expansion of Russia in 1878, Great Britain occupied Cyprus and established a base there. On the other side Afghanistan was annexed and occupied to block any Russian advance in that direction.This military strategic advancement led to the gory confrontation in Tibet (1903 – 1904). Economic explanations were provided for the far ranging increase of the British Empire. The explanation was that Great Britain was trying to protect its shrinking markets. It was under these explanations that Great Britain modified its policies in 1890 and tried to grab as much of the tropical African territories as possible. I n India after the ‘sepoy’ rebellion, there was a formal transfer of power from the British East India Company to the British government.The Governor-General the highest Company official in India was now appointed by the British government. In 1876 Queen Victoria was proclaimed the Empress of India and replaced the administration with civil servants trained in top British Universities. The princely states of India accepted the lordship of British. In 1880s British imperialism saw its expansion with the occupation of Burma. To sum, the British Imperialism of 1870-1914 saw the almost unbridled growth of the British Empire that gave birth to the saying â€Å"The sun never sets on the British Empire†.Even though there were costs that Britain had to bear in general it made several gains and established itself as a superior economic, military and political power. Reference: Cain, P. Hobson and Imperialism: Hobson Imperialism C, Oxford University Press,2002. Heyck, T, A History of the Peoples of the British Isles Routledge, Great Britain, 2002. Laity, P. The British Peace Movement 1870-1914, Oxford University press, 2001. Matias. P, The First Industrial Nation: The Economic History of Britain, Routledge, Great Britain, 1969. Twaddle, M. Imperialism and the State in the Third World, British Academy Press, 1992,

Corregidor Island Essay

The Philippines officially known as the Republic of the Philippines is a country in the Southeast Asia. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila. The country is known for its very rich culture, history, scenic spots and most especially by being hospitable due to warmth acceptance given to the guest. One of the places that are mostly visit by the tourists is the Corregidor Island and probably the most historical place in the country. Corregidor is a small rocky island in the Philippines about 48 kilometers west of Manila which is strategically located at the entrance of Manila Bay and is a part of the municipality of Cavite City. This island fortress stands as a memorial for the courage, valor, and heroism of its Filipino and American defenders who bravely held their ground against the overwhelming number of invading Japanese forces during World War II. It is also the headquarte Also known as â€Å"the Rock,† it was a key bastion of the Allies during the war. When the Japanese invaded the Philippines in December 1941, the military force under the command of Gen. Douglas MacArthur carried out a delaying action at Bataan. Corregidor became the headquarters of the Allied forces and also the seat of the Philippine Commonwealth government. It was from Corregidor that Philippine President Manuel Quezon and General MacArthur left for Australia in February 1942, leaving behind Lt. Gen. Jonathan M. Wainwright in command. Although Bataan fell on April 9, 1942, the Philippine and American forces held out at Corregidor for 27 days against great odds. On May 6, 1942, their rations depleted, the Allied forces were forced to surrender Corregidor to Lt. Gen. Homma Masaharu of the Japanese Imperial Army after having successfully halted the Japanese advance on Australia. It was only two years and ten months later in March 1945 when the Allied forces under the command of General MacArthur recaptured Corregidor. The big guns of Corregidor are now silent and the ruins of buildings, structures, and tunnels in the island tell a very moving story of a war that has claimed so many lives. A visit to this former battleground is a memorable experience especially for those who cherish and value peace and freedom. In his speech delivered at the signing of the surrender of Japan aboard the U.  S. S. Missouri at Tokyo Bay on September 2, 1945, General Douglas MacArthur said, â€Å"It is my earnest hope and indeed the hope of all mankind that a better world shall emerge out of the blood and carnage of the past – a world founded upon faith and understanding, a world dedicated to the dignity of man and the fulfillment of his most cherished wish for freedom, tolerance and justice. † This study is carefully done by giving enough time, focus, dedication and hard work by the researchers in order to give justice to the desired topic that will help improved the level of service in the tourism industry of our dear country.

Charlie Chaplin

They were shown with piano or organ accompaniment, sound effects, and subtitles. Comedy was the most popular type of movies during this time of films. The humor in these films were very slapstick-meaning people thought it was funny when someone fell on a banana peel or got a custard pie in the face. Buster Keating, Laurel Hardy, and Charlie Chaplin were some famous comedians. Many Canadians regularly attended one of the 900 movie theaters across Canada. Mary Pickoffs was a famous actress in the sass.Mary Pickoffs was a legendary silent film actress and was known as Americas sweetheart. She was a founder of United Artists and helped establish the Academy. Mary Pickoffs was born on April 8, 1892, in Toronto. In 1909, she appeared in 40 movies for D. W. Griffith American Biography company. She also worked as a producer and co-founded United Artists, with Charlie Chaplin, and Douglas Fairbanks, Sir. , who would become her second husband. Pickoffs retired from the screen In 1933 but continued to produce.She died In 1979. Sports Canadian sport In the sass was booming. People followed famous players Like Babe Ruth In baseball, Bobby Jones In golf and Howe Moreno In hockey. Medal really helped sports In Canada. Newspapers remoter all sporting events and magazines such as Manacles used sports articles. Radio and film started to use sports too. Baseball was the most popular summer sport In Canada. Every community had a baseball diamond and a team. The National Hockey League was established In 1917. There were only 5 teams, two In Montreal, one In Toronto, one In Ottawa and one In Quebec City. Professional hockey was becoming popular south of the border, but most hockey players were still Canadian. Music and Dancing Jazz was the music of the sass. Arlington with musicians In New Orleans. This style of music spread across the united States and North Canada. Some of the famous Jazz musicians were Louis Armstrong, Jelly Roll Morton, and Duke Longtime. Jazz music evolved through the decade. Soon there were genres of the music Like the blues and swing.Jazz music encouraged daring and energetic dances one of the most popular dances was called the Charleston. The Image above Is some people doing the Charleston. Entertainment In The sass By bioinformatics Entertainment in the sass By Joshua Abandons from the screen in 1933 but continued to produce. She died in 1979. Canadian sport in the sass was booming. People followed famous players like Babe Ruth in baseball, Bobby Jones in golf and Howe Moreno in hockey. Media really helped sports in Canada. Newspapers sport in Canada.Every community had a baseball diamond and a team. The National Hockey League was established in 1917. There were only 5 teams, two in Montreal, one in Toronto, one in Ottawa and one in Quebec City. Professional hockey was Jazz was the music of the sass. Originating with musicians in New Orleans. This style of music spread across the United States and North Canada. Some of the Jazz music evolved through the decade. Soon there were genres of the music like the of the most popular dances was called the Charleston.

Macro Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Macro Economics - Essay Example This depicts that a greater percentage of the citizens in that country are striving to be in better places and constantly improving the state of the country through the concept of invisible hand. In India the economic condition is not that stable. This is because only a smaller portion of the population strives to make ends meet while a greater percentage is always dragging the country backwards economically because they don’t work hard and deliver. This is very challenging since the economy is always torn in an imbalanced proportion. Studies from economists behind this theory argue that it developed an idea of a subsistence level to model the theory. The economists claimed that if real Gross Domestic Product rose above this subsistence level of income, it would cause the population to increase and bring real gross domestic product back down to the subsistence level. In India the population is extremely high and this means that the real gross domestic product is always above the subsistence level of income thus bringing the gross domestic product back down to the subsistence level. The opposite happens in the United States of America and that is why the gross domestic product there is far better than that for India. Strong economic growth rate cannot be positive to high population growth. This is because when the population increases, resources for economic growth will be limited. This will therefore hinder growth in the economy due to the imbalance. This defect or problem can be prevented by factors such as controlling population growth by implementing birth policies. The birth rate should be moderate to make the resources adequate for the country3. When the country has a poor or weak growth rate it is a big hindrance to the economic growth. This is because there will be inadequate labor force in various organizations in the country. Labor is a fundamental factor of production and should therefore be supplied adequately in an economy. To offset this

Financial accounting Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Financial accounting - Research Proposal Example Asset Liabilities Equity Income Expenses. UNDERLYING ASSUMPTIONS Two core assumptions applied while making financial statements are: 1. Accrual Basis: Accrual basis of accounting record the revenues when realized and incur expense when they occur. All the income and expenses are recorded in the accounting record when they actually occur not at the time when cash has flown in or out of the business activity. Therefore in accrual base accounting all the records are reported in the financial statements in the period to which they relate to. Example: Following example adopted from Gibson, Charles H., 1998. Financial Statement Analysis: Using Financial Accounting Information, 7th Ed. South Western. Slight numerical values have been altered. Suppose: 1. Manufacturing concern sold merchandise for $15,000 on credit this year. This merchandise cost $900 when purchased last year. 2. It purchases inventory this year in the amount of $20,000 on credit. 3. Paid to suppliers f merchandise $13,000 this year. 4. Collects cash sales $7,000. Accrual Basis Cash Basis Sales $ 15,000 COGS $ 9,000 Income $ 6,000 Receipts (inflow) $ 7,000 Payment (outflow) $ 13,000 Loss ($ 6,000) It is seen that accrual basis shows a profitable position where else cash basis indicates a loss. Cash basis doesn't indicate the time period for the recognition of revenue and occurrence of cost. It shows the cash inflows and outflows. For this purpose separate statement is prepared whish shows the cash position and named as Statement of Cash flow. When using accrual basis of accounting,...The end users of the financial statements can be customers, investors, suppliers, government agencies, student body, economist or general public. The International Accounting Standard Board, a privately owned body based in London presented a document in July 1989 which became framework for the preparation & presentation of financial statements. On this framework all the IAS are based and determine the financial statement preparation and the information they contain. Accrual basis of accounting record the revenues when realized and incur expense when they occur. All the income and expenses are recorded in the accounting record when they actually occur not at the time when cash has flown in or out of the business activity. Therefore in accrual base accounting all the records are reported in the financial statements in the period to which they relate to. It is seen that accrual basis shows a profitable position where else cash basis indicates a loss. Cash basis doesn't indicate the time period for the recognition of revenue and occurrence of cost. It shows the cash inflows and outflows. For this purpose separate statement is prepared whish shows the cash position and named as Statement of Cash flow. Going concern assumption believes that business entities will remain in business for indefinite period of time. That the operations will continue in the future years.

The Suicide Attacks on September 11, 2001 Essay

The Suicide Attacks on September 11, 2001 - Essay Example By the end of the day, close to 3000 people had lost their lives and the government had declared a war on the terrorist groups, in what could be termed as a paradigm shifting moment in US history (David, 2007). This paper is a critical evaluation of the events which occurred on this day and the aftermath. The suicide attacks on September 11, 2001 September 11 attacks, also known as 911 attacks, will always linger in the minds of Americans, who were the direct victims of 4 coordinated suicide assaults, which took place in two cities i.e. New York and Washington, in the morning of September 11, 2001 (David, 2007). At first, there were beliefs that the attacks were orchestrated by the al-Qaeda terrorist network but these were later confirmed by the then leader of this network, Osama bin Laden, who had denied those allegations at first. This was a unique occurrence based on the fact that they defied the norm with regard to the manner in which the network carried it out. The most common s uicide attacks involved individuals delivering explosives and detonating them once they were at the enclosure of their target. In this case, they opted to utilize hijacked air planes as their weapon of destruction. 4 planes were hijacked by the terrorists meaning that they had already identified 4 possible targets and as it later turned out, they included the Pentagon, the world trade center which had twin towers i.e. the north and south towers, and another target, which was alleged to be the white house (David, 2007). The hijacked airplanes comprised of; American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175, which were traveling from Boston to Los Angeles, American Airlines Flight 77, which was travelling from Dulles to Los Angeles and United Airlines Flight 93 from Newark to San Francisco (Lee, 2002). According to reports, these air planes combined had a total of approximately 246 passengers, 19 hijackers and approximately 33 crew members, figures which are said to be extreme ly low based on the fact that the planes had a total carrying capacity of approximately 694 passengers. Some reports tend to suggest that there was a possibility that the booking process had been manipulated allegedly to reduce the number of casualties (Spiegel, 2002). At approximately 08.46 hrs local time, flight 11 was crashed into the 96th floor of the north tower, killing all those on board while flight 175 was crashed into the south tower at around 9:30 am, which was about 44 minutes after the first crash. Flight 77 on the other hand was crashed into pentagon at around 9:37 am while flight 93 clashed in Pennsylvania at around 10:30 am. Apparently, passengers aboard flight 93 wrestled with the hijackers in an attempt to seize the control of the flight as they had become aware of the crashes that took place earlier during the day but on realizing their mission had been compromised, the terrorists decided to crash the plane so to avoid losing its control and probably get arrested by the US government (Lee, 2002). The north tower of the world trade center succumbed to the crash and collapsed after approximately 1hour 20 min from the time of impact, while the south tower burned for approximately 1 hour before giving in and collapsing. The result of these attacks was that 2996 people lost

A Critical Analysis of the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) Essay

A Critical Analysis of the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) - Essay Example There are seven main parts that are covered at this stage. They include the social and emotional development. This allows the children to recognize who they are as well as respecting other people in the society. At the same time, the children learn how to perform certain activities such as dressing. Communication and problem solving are other important areas of learning at this stage (Silberfeld 2009, p.67). The children begin developing the confidence needed when communicating. At the same time, they learn how to solve problem through games and listening and answering questions from stories. The curriculum also ensures that children understand the world they live in and development physically and creatively. They understand the world around them through use of different materials and tools to create their surroundings. The EYFS is used as a platform that prepares children for what they will become in future (Beckley 2009, p.98). The knowledge and the kind of preparation at this stag e dictate how the children will respond to learning in future. The environment in which the children are raised is imperative. It determines whether such children become intelligent or not. While certain settings foster intelligence, others do not (Carr 2005, p.65). it is imperative for teachers to know that children at this stage learn more from observation and what they hear. The children believe the information passed to them. They are not able to criticise like their counterparts in late childhood (Callaway 2005, p.67). For that reason, accurate information is vital at this state. This includes the information on chats, which the pupils are expected to read. It is difficult to undo what the children have already recorded in their mind. The curriculum is the most important tool in ensuring that the children acquire the best learning while still in their early stages (Glazzard et al. 2010, p.98). However, one of the most striking feature is the fact that play becomes an integral p art of learning (Edwards 2001, p.38). Children understand better, when concepts are addressed through play. It has been effective in ensuring that children develop both physically, cognitively and socially (Glenda 2003, p.98). Through play for instance, most children are able to discover their potential. This is especially when such children are involved in activities that involve role-play. It is therefore imperative that the curriculum involve all kinds of play to ensure that the children concentrate and get the best out of learning (Goffin 2011, p.78). The following discussion will focus on the role of curriculum in promoting learn as well as how play promotes learning. The environment where the children are exposed is supposed to be safe and free from any materials that would cause any harm. It is the responsibility of the school management to ensure that the structures are well constructed and are safe to be used by the children (. The classroom for instance should have enough space where the children are allowed to play and interact. With the current need for inclusion, I it is also vital that the designs of such classes make it possible for children with disabilities to learn. They ought to be made part of the class and benefit just like any other child. In addition to that, the current classes may have children from different cultural backgrounds. The teacher has a responsibility of ensuring that such students benefit from this kind of setting. To help understand the above themes, I visited a primary school in New Ham East London. It was a class that had the children at the age of between 3 and 4. The class had a total of 25 pupils with one main teacher. The class has children from dif

Singapore Prosperity Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Singapore Prosperity - Case Study Example Singapore has ultimately risen above all odds to become one of the world’s Economic power houses. It has been used as a bench mark of economic analysis across different parts of the world. However, of great importance is to focus on the several aspects that have contributed to this splendid success in almost all spheres of the Singaporean society. After forty years of economic reconstruction, Singapore has attracted the interests of not only economic analysts but also global investors that do not hesitate to invest in the island nation.Economic growth occurs at the predisposition of a conducive investment environment. The government definitely has a hand for the attainment of this conducive environment. This brings us to the analysis of the government structure and how its policies in one way or the other has contributed to Singapore’s spectacular economic growth. The people’s Action party has been greatly accredited of transparency, accountability and effective management not to forget sound policies that have been put in place to foster remarkable growth. Having only been ruled by just one party since independence, an aspect of stability has been initiated in the Singaporean political system which extremely puts great focus to economic growth rather than political destructions. It has developed policies that encourage domestic trade without much interference to the several foreign investors that have played a key role in its immense growth. Leadership transition has been peaceful playing a great role in stability making it a high affinity destination for investors. Singapore’s effective policies and able leadership was witnessed during the climax of the worst ever global recession that even shook economic giants such as the United States. The prime minister fostered bank lending of which the government also contributed without much interference to its GDP.Within no time after the introduction of this measures, Singapore bounced back to its economy fact living other economic titan states in the turmoil. Contrary to the common perspective that the private sector has got leverage over public enterprise, Singapore has stood the test of time to prove otherwise. It goes against the popular notion and treads its own economic course which baffles both its admirers and Critiques

Research proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Research proposal - Essay Example The Kingdom is ranked number five in the globe in terms of fiscal freedom with highly secure earnings that have resulted from its stable currency. Further, the economy of the Kingdom is remarkably open to trade and boasts of the lowest mean weighted tariff in the whole MENA area. In order to boost trade further, port handling fees were reduced by the government by half in early 2008. When conducting business with the Arabs, it is likely to meet hard but polite bargaining from people who are experts at it, therefore, one has to be very confident in regards to the contents of contractual agreements (Elashmawi, 2001, p.  180). In the event that there are gaps, the Arabs are good at finding and exploiting them, however, in most of the cases, the Arab businesspersons meet their obligations completely and the experience of doing business with them can be enjoyable and approachable, with the creation of long-lasting trust. Parenthetically, it is rare to find Arabs saying a direct no and this requires that one pays attention and observes in a careful manner (Cullen & Parboteeah, 2014, p.  561). The possible gains of opening and operating a business are numerous but the endeavour is not for the fair hearted. One needs to remember that he or she is not a citizen of the Kingdom and when it reaches a time that he or she has to leave and sell the accumulated interests, t he individual may not have the same amount of time as his or her partner. The key purpose of this study is to amass information concerning the advantages and disadvantages of starting a new business in Saudi Arabia. The study’s objective will also entail proving a detailed review of the activities and requirements that should be met before one starts a new business in Saudi Arabia. The study will dwell especially in the following sub-objectives: The results of this study will be of importance to

To what extent is the documentary film 'sisters in law' a reliable Essay

To what extent is the documentary film 'sisters in law' a reliable source to account for the situation of women's rights in Came - Essay Example Issues in Cameroon In this section, the issues faced by women in Cameroon have been listed down and discussed as shown in the documentary. The reliability of the documentary is also analysed with the help of some independent sources. Child Marriage The documentary shows that women are usually married off at a very young age in the country (Ayisi & Longinotto, 2005). Due to early marriage, they are unable to complete their education. An early marriage also gives rise to early pregnancies which is risky both for the mother as well as the child. This problem is corroborated by the statistics presented by UNICEF. According to UNICEF 36% of women were married before the age of 18 in 2010. Thus, the problem of Child marriage is really a big issue in Cameroon and has been captured well by the documentary (UNICEF, 2010). Selling off Daughters In the beginning of the documentary we have seen a case in which the women were ‘sold’ of as wife by the father in return for dowry. This is a very big problem in many Islamic societies. Women are considered as merchandise by the family which can be sold for the right amount (Ayisi & Longinotto, 2005). Although the documentary has failed to take into account the issue that majority of Cameroon residents are not Muslims but the issue is still worth discussing as it affects one-third of Cameroon’s population. The documentary presents this issue in a good way but fails to tell us about the extent to which this issue plagues the society. Custody of Children The Islamic law says that if there is divorcee or if the wife runs away, the custody of the children stays with the father. This is in sharp contrast with the modern law which regards the mother as the most natural custodian of the child. Although Cameroon has modern system of law in place but the society still follows age old tradition and a woman has to fight in order to get custody of her children (Ayisi & Longinotto, 2005).Once again the documentary focused on the Islamic population of Cameroon and fails to give an insight into the practices followed by other people of Cameroon. Physical abuse Physical Abuse is another big problem which is faced by women in Cameroon. This abuse is not only inflicted on older women but even children are not spared from it. It is common for the husband to regularly beat up his wife over small things. Children are beaten up mercilessly by their guardians over small faults (Ayisi & Longinotto, 2005).Report of UNICEF in 2010 also supports the issue shown in the documentary. It shows that 56% of population of Cameroon justifies wife beating and a very high 93% has justified the beating of children (UNICEF, 2010).Thus the issue shown in the documentary also finds resonance with UNICEF and shows that the issue has been shown reliably and correctly. Social Boycott Cameroon is a traditional society where matters of the house are not taken outside. The elders of the house or of the village gather together in orde r to solve the issue .It is taboo for women to drag her husband to the court even if she has been suffering a lot. Once a woman decides to break free of

Accounting Essay Example for Free

Accounting Essay Accounting is often referred to as the language of business, and rightly so, since it is the means by which information about an entity is communicated (Meigs, 2000). Contrary to popular belief, accounting is more than just doing taxes, or keeping books. Doing taxes is just one of the many tasks an accountant performs. Bookkeeping, the recording of transactions and day to day activities, is just the clerical aspect of accounting. Accounting is more concerned with the interpretation and use of the accounting information. As the new accountant of Claire’s Antiques, the fields of exposure would be in financial and managerial accounting. Financial accounting is a field of accounting which provides information about the financial resources, obligations, and activities of an enterprise that is intended for use primarily by external decision makers (Meigs, 2000). Such external users are those who have a financial interest in the entity, but are not involved in its day-to-day operations. These external users include the following: investors, creditors, labor unions, governmental agencies, suppliers, customers, trade associations and the general public (Meigs, 2000). See more:Â  Perseverance essay Financial accounting provides information about the company’s liquidity and solvency, which is of particular importance to creditors and suppliers as they need to know the entity’s capability to pay off its obligations. Investors would find financial information regarding the company’s viability useful, since they need to know whether it would be a wise investment. Since providing information to fit the different needs of the various stakeholders is difficult, financial reporting of such information is usually geared towards the needs of creditors and investors, the two primary groups. Another field of accounting is managerial accounting, which involves the development and interpretation of accounting information intended specifically to aid management in running the business (Meigs, 2000). Information produced helps managers in carrying out their responsibilities, which include planning, directing and motivating, and controlling (Garrison, 2000); it helps provide data necessary for developing strategies and managing the company’s operations. Managerial accounting makes use of means such as cost-volume-profit analysis, financial statement analysis and capital budgeting, to name a few, to produce such information. Managerial accounting will provide the information needed by the management of Claire’s Antiques to decide what is the optimum antique production mix and whether to implement the Just In Time inventory management system; it will also help the company to reach its goal to grow the business to other regions, increase its profit margin and expand its product distribution centers. Included within managerial accounting is performance measurement. Performance measurement is the quantification of a companys or segments efficiency or effectiveness in conducting business operations for the accounting period (Answers. com, 2008). This involves establishing budgets and/or goals of a company, and comparing the actual turnout with that established by the management. The budget established must always be realigned with the company’s goals, in order for the information to be truly useful. Performance measurement would prove useful to Claire’s Antiques in deciding their strategy on how the company can achieve its above mentioned goals. Performance measurement draws the management’s attention to areas in which the company has performed poorly, giving them a chance to find a solution to such inefficiency; it also indicates which areas the company has been doing well in. These pieces of information, taken collectively, will help the company in deciding which actions it will take to bring itself closer to its goals. As the new accountant of Claire’s Antiques, one would be engaged in both managerial and financial accounting, which means that one would be providing and interpreting financial information for both internal and external users, respectively. As an accountant in private practice, one can be a financial forecaster, a cost accountant or an internal auditor. These roles fall under the above mentioned fields. However, accountants in general are not limited to these fields. They may have career opportunities in public accounting, government accounting and accounting education as well.

Mall Preferences Essay Example for Free

Mall Preferences Essay Mall Attractiveness and Shopping Preferences is a study conducted to find out what variables attract shoppers to a mall, their preferences and how mall operators should consider this significant analysis to implement an effective strategy to position their strategy. The study involved five major shopping malls in Davao City: SM City Davao, NCCC mall of Davao, Gaisano Mall of Davao, Gaisano South City Mall and Victoria Plaza. Factor analysis is applied for this study and complimented by a cluster analysis of the demographic characteristics of the respondents. The respondents composed of mall shoppers who were equally apportioned across the malls and clustered according to classifications: Traditional shoppers, Destination Shoppers and Enthusiastic shoppers. The result of the study reveals that SM City of Davao is well positioned in attracting shoppers, the mall is favored by customers in terms of mall atmospherics, service, promotion and entertainment. SM is followed closely by NCCC mall of Davao and Gaisano Mall of Davao, while Gaisano South City mall and Victoria Plaza were far behind in their market positioning and viability. Ever since its existence, shopping malls become the integral part of the shoppers’ lifestyle because of the convenience, entertainment and products’ availability it offers to the consumers, no doubt, these establishments helped enhance the day-to-day life of the people. With several malls mushroomed in the city in recent years, people have given wide choices based on their needs and leisure like where to spend time bonding with friends and love ones and where to shop . Mall operators, due to stiff competitions, must decide what positioning strategies they would implement to lure consumers and move ahead with their competitors. In this study, which factor analysis is applied, mall operators were given an idea what are the significant factors that drive shoppers to a shopping mall. The respondents of this study, which were thoroughly clustered into three categories, represent all the socioeconomic classes of the society, which is very specific for the study to have an accurate result in identifying shoppers’ preferences on what mall attributes they will be easily attracted. The study, which revealed SM City of Davao as the most preferred followed by NCC mall of Davao and Gaisano mall of Davao, tells precisely the real and actual sentiments of shoppers in the city on where they would want to go to for pleasure and for shopping activities. I do agree with the result that Gaisano mall of Davao ranked high among the top three malls in terms of accessibility because of its proximity to the downtown area where most students and professionals are living, though the study revealed that this lead is very slim, it is still a big factor for Gaisano mall operators to carefully tap their best resources in attracting customers in order to maintain its loyalty, giving them a competitive edge against NCCC and SM in attracting more shoppers. SM City clearly shows its best advantages against competitors because of implementing a good positioning and marketing strategy, it caters and answers the needs of shoppers why they want to go to the mall in the first place, because most of the respondents can be categorized as young adults, professionals and fun-loving individuals, their preferences are always be on the entertainment, convenience, elegant products and good mall atmosphere. These shoppers can be easily attracted with a mall atmosphere that is favorable to their lifestyle choices. This result of the most preferred mall in Davao does not follow that most shoppers are price conscious, this only tells that, especially the young respondents, most shoppers prefer an establishment that is highly innovative, friendly, having cool brands of products and offers a terrific environment for socializing with friends. Therefore, the recommendations presented is appropriate as young shoppers are easily attracted to an environment which offers entertainment, greater value of merchandise and stylish amenities, but the purchasing power of the shoppers should not be ignored as shoppers from class C and D are potential market. Mall operators should also balance the elements mall atmosphere innovative products and moderate pricing of the merchandise.

Tax Management Information System

Tax Management Information System Literature Review Internet is a very powerful platform that connect people from all around the world. Taiwan has employed the Internet as an enabler to speed up public services online and has earned a top ranking worldwide for its achievements [14]. Almost all government agencies operate with internet facilities and have their own websites. IT is often perceived as the great enabler of service innovation [14]. As innovative of nature of government’s application of relevant technologies to service delivery remained unexplored, public sector need a framework that applies service innovation studies. Innovation is defined as the implementation of a conscious process of change to gain certain effects or results [14]. Innovation evaluation should be based on citizen satisfaction and the creation of citizen needs rather than in terms of profit making. The basic principles of service delivery include the processes per see, co-operation, trust and social acceptance [14].We need to make the best use of the web’s potential as a means of improving public services will create innovation patterns in cyberspace. With introduction of e-government services, it will attract potential user to use the new delivery system.Public service sector is consider to be able to possess a distinctive style of innovation as these large organizations have higher shares of professional staff and conduct their own research and development. There are five types of innovation which consist of Innovation involving changes in characteristics and design of service products and production process, delivery innovation, administrative and organizational innovations, conceptual innovation and system interaction innovations. All the five types innovations need a new way, new strategies, improved solution to be able to interact with other organizations and knowledge bases. E-government initiatives use the Internet to reallocate private resources to public services [14]. In cyberspace, online services create new markets that differ from traditional services along two primary dimensions: the degree of service separability and the type of benefit offered [14]. The service must be produced and consumed at the same time. The separability feature becomes the main difference between e-services and traditional services where the latter feature interactivity or are co-terminal [14]. Citizen can complete their payments procedures without leaving home. As a core benefit, citizen can complete multi-part task without the need to visit various government agencies, which eventually will save them a lot of time. Government websites gave citizen greater accessibility to government information and greater convenience, while aiming also to overcome jurisdictional divisions through seamless service initiatives [14]. Single window format can accommodate an owner-delivered approach, shared delivery through integration or delegated delivery through an intergovernmental service utility. Area of focus are technology innovation, administrative innovation and new market creation. The portal cannot be considered as innovation if it only provides online information and forms for download [14]. Strength of market creation and website structure This tells us that Government agencies need to bring their operation online with innovation in order to serve their citizen better in any possible way. Innovation is important in portal design structure as it will attract more citizen to join. Tax Education in Distance Learning Self assessment system (SAS) is introduced to educate taxpayer with fundamental tax knowledge. To determine tax liabilities, taxpayer need to comply with public rulings and tax law issued by Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia (IRBM). Taxpayer with tax knowledge will able to accurately assess their tax liability. Tax education only applicable to accounting undergraduates. Undergraduates that are non-accounting, who are the future taxpayers need to be equipped with tax knowledge as well. This will enable them to be more confident in planning their tax affairs [15]. It will helps in improve voluntary compliance and reduce inaccuracy of tax return. An online survey was conducted to collect data on whether Non-accounting undergraduates have sufficient tax knowledge and should they enrolled under the electronic distance learning program known as e-PJJ. Result shows that 45.2% fill their tax return by themselves while 54.8% need help from their spouse. Result of Respondents level for score of Tax Knowledge Types of instructional method was also in the survey question and the result shows most respondents prefer online learning than compared to traditional method of face to face learning. Online learning has the flexibility of time and place which best suits the working adults [15]. For topics that need to be covered in the tax education shows respondent interested to learn more about personal taxation and tax planning for an individual. They were aware of the importance of claiming reliefs, rebates and tax planning in computing their chargeable income and determining an accurate tax liabilities [15]. Result of Respondents preferred Tax Instructional Method Result of Respondents preferred tax topics All result shows that respondents need to be equipped with tax knowledge and to be aware of provision and changes in tax laws. Online tax education is much prefer by most respondent shows that traditional instruction method is no longer popular in era of technology. Online education is a must in order for future or current tax-payers to be equipped with the fundamental of tax knowledge so that they will be able to handle and determine an accurate tax liabilities. E-Government in Australia In Australia, National Electronic Conveyancing System (NECS) was introduced by Australian State and Territory Government in 2005. All conveyancing deal like conveyancers, legal practitioners, financial institutions, mortgage processors are available with NECS online. The system will allow users to provide, secure, certify and sign documentation [16]. NECS will serve as a useful model for other areas of commercial, governmental and social activity. This will allow Australian government may better achieve its strategic goals in developing a modern economy and remain among leaders in this area [16]. The purpose of NECS is to develop a national online conveyancing system. The issuance of Digital Signature Certificates issued under the Australian Government Gatekeeper Framework which will ensure authentication and prevent repudiation [16]. Reserve Bank’s Information and Transfer System (RITS) will get financial settlement with disbursements received and cleared for reuse. Duty and Tax Payments will be received electronically by The State and Territory Revenue Offices as cleared funds from settlement through National Electronic Conveyancing System. Four stages involve in the development of NECS which are extensive stakeholder consultation, building the system with its protocols and features, all issues must be tackled to ready the system and conversion process must be ready for government, financial institutions and other participants to transfer what they want to do with new NECS system. Five Frameworks were introduced which consist of Enabling legislation, Authorization issued by a JA to an ELNO, Operating Requirements, Participation Agreement and Participation Rules and Inter-governmental Arrangements. All the frameworks introduces were to provide the infrastructure upon which the promise of a more efficient, transparent and effective system of electronic conveyancing becomes a reality [16]. Australia NECS system will be beneficial to the citizen in the way when dealing with government. All possible issues had been tackle well when the system was implemented. The system is secure with digital signature which citizen won’t worried when transaction is being done through the system. Design of Tax Management Information System Tax income is very important for national economy. With the new tax system introduced, there will be conflicts between new and old taxation measures. It is necessary to establish a powerful, efficient, secure, stable, shared and controllable tax management information system to raise tax collection ratio, to enhance efficiency of the execution of tax law, to improve taxation service, and to reduce the taxation cost, so as to strengthen tax collection management, to provide high quality comprehensive service for taxpayers, and reliable reference for macro-economic decisions [17]. The content of system can be summarized as â€Å"one platform, two steps, three covers and four systems†. One platform means to develop a centralized technical platform with network hardware and software. Two steps means need to gradually realize the centralized data process in the state and provincial administration of taxation. Three covers means extend the system gradually cover all taxation items, tax management key parts and to be able to connect with relevant departments. Four systems is to develop four information management system respectively for main operation which consist of collection and exchange of information, administration and decision support. Tax management information system include four organically-combined subsystems built on centralized technical platform which include tax management system. Tax management system mainly dealing with tax operations, internal and external tax administrative management, taxation decision system dealing with economic supervision, forecasting and analysis. Four subsystems consist of Tax operation system, Tax administrative management system, Decision support system and External information system. Tax operation system includes six parts for inspection, collection, punishment, management, execution and relief. Tax administrative management system includes seven parts, documentary process, knowledge management, HR management, financial management, logistic guarantee, supervision an auxiliary office. Decision support system is mainly for inquiry, analysis, supervision and forecasting of tax management. External information system is mainly for collection and transmission of external information. Operation flow of tax management information system Tax management information system is an integrated system and will be designed on the basis of â€Å"one network, one platform and one set of data standard† [17]. General Framework of Tax Management Information System All data can be shared with just single input and all operation will be display on a centralized interface, the assessment can be done thoroughly with the entire system. There are four implementation strategy of the system which include the strategy to assembling units and â€Å"building blocks†, to construct tax application system with three-layer structure, to construct a common data exchange platform and to construct scientific and reasonable common unit platform. Three layer systematic structure With introduced of new tax measures, an efficient, stable, secure and controllable tax management system need to be develop to improve taxpayer tax knowledge, enhance efficiency of execution of tax law, to improve taxation service and to provide high quality service to taxpayer. With three layer separation structure, it will minimize redundancy of data and functions and hence accurate and correct data can be delivered to taxpayer. E-Tax Invoice System using web service technology in Thailand Online Employment Management System Based on Data Mining Graduate online Employment Management System is developed based on data mining. Research is mainly focus on management level and technical level. At management level, this system should be in accord with the application demand characteristics of college employment management; at technical level, this system should adopt an advanced and applicable software development mode and process [15]. The main objective of this system are centers on management demand, takes relatively perfect and prominent management function realization. The development of information technology makes every aspect of the whole society located in the state of interacting information and meanwhile it faces the application requirements of reducing cost and improving management and service level and therefore choosing a suitable development mode should fully consider ever-increasing management and service demands [15]. SQL Server200 is chosen as database management system because it is the more popular enterprise database. The design and implementation of database are not merely a part of management information system and its functions are almost the core of management information system, because from management content, its core is data storage and management [15]. Database interrelated logic data set stored in certain organization way but it does not refer to the sum of several files. It implies the re-organization among data files and file records, it have relatively high independence of program, data and serves multiple users or applications programs in least repetition to realize data sharing. Online Employment system based on Data Mining has various function which consist of user login, user management, data input, inquiry function, statistical function and database management. Site Diagram of graduate online management system Data is the core of system operation [15]. To ensure security of data, system has automatic data backup function at the server end. Artificial recovery is system administrators use new backup data artificially to recover data when server data is destroyed. Graduate online management system makes a lot of repeated and miscellaneous work handled automatically and managed orderly by computer. The system ensure the consistency, accuracy and timeliness of data, provide real-time, dynamic, accurate and complete employment information, ensure college employment management quality and provide a highly digital, normalized and scientific employment management information and processing platform for colleges [15]. Online Montessori Management System Easy Montessori Manager is developed for all the schools that are using Montessori approach in Malaysia. The objective of Easy Montessori Manager is to provide Montessori curriculums and modules which are fit inside this portal to help the teachers to monitor their children’s developments [14]. From survey collected, result shows there is a need to develop an online Montessori module system for teachers and principals of Montessori pre-schools in Malaysia [14]. The System EMM is developed specially for teachers and administrators of Montessori preschools. It has two main features, the Montessori module and the management module [14]. The Montessori methods cover three techniques, Motor education, Sensory education and Language [14]. The Montessori module contains the Montessori methods, the method guidelines, children performance analysis and progress report. The Management module contains features such as registration, timetables and attendance records. This project methodology uses Rational Unified Process (RUP) as Software Engineering Process. It provides a disciplined approach to assigning tasks and responsibilities within a development organization. RUP goal is to ensure the production of high-quality software that meets the needs of its end-users, within a predictable schedule and budget [14]. Workflow of RUP Easy Montessori Manager is divided into two modules which are Montessori module which provide child monitoring system and General Preschool Management System module that helps the school administrator, principals and teachers to manage the school administrations. This system act as a guideline for teachers and child monitoring system for parents.

Homebuying 101: An Affordable Challenge Essay -- Journalism Essays

Homebuying 101: An Affordable Challenge For the past four weeks, Natalie Delsoin and 24 other Boston residents have been spending their Tuesday nights learning the ins and outs of affordable housing. Delsoin recently moved to Dorcester after a military stint in Germany, and she hopes to someday own a home. She plans on that day coming sooner rather than later. Delsoin’s biggest concern is her 2 year-old daughter. â€Å"I need a single family home that is safe†¦ and safe for my child,† she said. The class’ instructor, Tanya Townshend, teaches 30 to 60 people in each of her homebuyers classes. Townshend works as an assistant property manager for Maloney Properties, a New England real estate chain that sponsors a number of sessions for homebuyers. Townshend said â€Å"about 10% (of class attendants) seem to be ready to buy† after her four week seminar. The rest attend more classes or work on improving their credit rating before bidding on a home. Boston is one of the tightest housing markets in the country. Many first-time homebuyers are looking for any advantage they can get in finding their first home. For many homebuyers, affordable housing is the only realistic option. However, affordable housing is limited and there are a number of obstacles for families seeking to go that route. To help with the process, the city of Boston and a handful of community development groups sponsor first-time homeowner courses and support programs for people interested in affordable housing. According to a August 2000 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) low income housing study, â€Å"the overall vacancy rate for rental units in the Boston was 4.1% in 1998 compared to 6.7% for the Northeast region and 7.9% for the country.† The h... ... at the assessment shows this duplex has no remodeling work done, the exterior and interior structures are poor, and the interior finish is graded as substandard. For a two-family home, it offers a decent accommodation – each residence has three bedrooms and one and a half bathrooms, as well as over 1,700 feet of living space. Significant depreciation in property value indicates the place is extremely run down. For prospective first-time homeowners, a tight housing market and constantly changing neighborhoods make finding the right home a difficult choice. The market is full of wrong choices. Potential buyers like Natalie Delsoin and James Creed hold out hope when their lottery number is picked, there are still affordable housing options waiting for them. Creed says that regardless of when that time comes, the classes â€Å"make you go in with your eyes more wide open.†

Korean Dramadance :: essays papers

Korean Dramadance China, Korea, and Japan have been historically close for centuries, thus accounting for their numerous common artistic traditions. From pre-Christian times until the 8th and 9th century AD, the great trade routes crossed from the Middle East through Central Asia into China. Hinduism, Buddhism, some knowledge of ancient Greek, and much knowledge of Indian arts entered into China, and thence in time into Korea and Japan. Perhaps before Christ, the Central Asian art of manipulating hand puppets was carried to China. For more than 700 years, until 668, in the kingdom of Koguryo, embracing northern Korea and Manchuria, court music and dances from Central Asia, from Han China, from Manchuria, and from Korea, called chiso and kajiso, were performed. Many of the dances were masked; all were stately as befit serious court art. They were taken to the Japanese court in Nara about the 7th century. Called bugaku in Japan, they have been preserved for 12 centuries and can still be seen performed at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo, though they have long since died out in China and Korea. In Koguryo's neighbouring kingdom of Paekche, a form of Buddhist masked dance play was performed at court, and, in the 7th century, it too was taken to the Japanese court at Nara by a Korean performer, Mimaji, who had learned the dances while staying at the southern Chinese court of Wu-hou. Called kiak in Korea and gigaku in Japan, the Aryan features of some of its masks clearly indicate Indian (or Central Asian) influence. Su ch complicated genealogies are common in East Asian performing arts. Korean drama has its origins in prehistoric religious rites, while music and dance play an integral role in all traditional theatrical performances. A good example of this classical theatrical form is the masked dance called sandaenori or talchum, a combination of dance, song and narrative punctuated with satire and humor. Slightly varying from one region to another in terms of style, dialogue and costume, it enjoyed remarkable popularity among rural people until the early 20th century. Pansori, the lengthy narrative songs based on popular tales, and Kkokdugaksinoreum or puppet plays, performed by vagrant artists, also drew large audiences. The shamanistic rituals known as gut were another form of religious theater that appealed to the general public. All these performances are seldom presented today. There are a few institutions that offer various performing arts in one place, an example of this being Jeong-dong Theater in central Seoul, that presents a traditional performing arts series, drama and music.

The Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson

â€Å"The Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson†, arguably the most famous captivity tale of the American Indian-English genre, is considered a common illustration of the thematic style and purpose of the English captivity narrative. As â€Å"the captivity genre leant itself to nationalist agendas† (Snader 66), Rowlandson’s narrative seems to echo other captivity narratives in its bias in favor of English colonial power. Rowlandson’s tale is easy propaganda; her depiction of Native American brutality and violence in the mid-1600s is eloquent and moving, and her writing is infused with rich imagery and apt testimony that defines her religious interpretation of the thirteen-week captivity. Yet can a more comprehensive understanding of Rowlandson’s relationship to Indians exist in a closer reading of her narrative? As â€Å"captivity materials . . . are notorious for blending the real and the highly fictive† (Namias 23), can we infer the real colonial relationships of this captivity in applying a modern understanding of economic, political and cultural transformations of American Indians? Mary Rowlandson was captive under King Phillips’s wife’s sister, and varying other Algonquian masters from February 20, 1676 through May 2, 1676. She recorded her narrative â€Å"as the war was slipping away from the Indians† (Calloway 93) and published it with popular acclaim. In the context of this tumultuous time, â€Å"it would be a grave mistake to ignore the clear indications that this narrative was intended primarily as a record of the author’s spiritual practices and to assume a specific existential and moral stance in the world† (Ebersole 20). Rowlandson’s intentions for the narrative no doubt â€Å"served religious and political aim... ...ivity. Charlottesville and London: University of Virginia, 1995. Richter, Daniel K. Facing East from Indian Country: A Naà ¯ve History of Early America. Cambridge Massachusetts and London, England: Harvard, 2001. Namias, June. White Captives: Gender and Ethnicity on the American Frontier. Chapel Hill & London: University of North Carolina, 1993. Rowlandson, Mary. â€Å"The Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson.† The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 6 th ed., Nine Baym, General Editor. New York, New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2003. Snader, Joe. Caught Between Worlds: British Captivity Narratives in Fact and Fiction. Lexington , KY: University of Kentucky, 2000. Vaughan, Alden T., Clark, Edward W. Puritans Among the Indians: Accounts of Captivity and Redemption. Cambridge, Massachusetts, London England: Belknap, Harvard, 1981.

Complexometric determination of water hardness Essay

Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to determine the hardness of a sample of water (#89). Water hardness can be evaluated by an acid-base neutralization titration. (When an acid and a base are placed together, they react to neutralize the acid and base properties, producing a salt.) From the Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction theory, the H+ cation of the acid combines with the OH- anion of the base to form water. In this titration experiment, there are no definitive acidic or basic agents being evaluated. This requires the use of the Lewis acid-base theory. Instead of defining acid-base reactions in terms of protons or other bonded substances, the Lewis definition defines a base (referred to as a Lewis base) to be a compound that can donate an electron pair, and an acid (a Lewis acid) to be a compound that can receive this electron pair. Similarly, in either type of acid-base neutralization experiment, an indicator is used to display when the solution is neutralized. The standardized Na2EDTA water solution is will be titrated against the unknown water sample (#89). Upon neutralization, the unknown water sample’s metal cation electrons will transfer to the Na2EDTA solution and will subsequently remove the sodium from the EDTA. (Unknown #89)2+ + Na2EDTA → (Unknown #89)EDTA + 2Na+ Water hardness is expressed in in milligrams per liter. Procedure: The first thing to be done was to manufacture the 0.004 M Na2EDTA solution. This was done by adding 0.7319 g Na2EDTA to approximately 500 mL of DI water. I obtained a 50.0mL burret, a 10.00 mL and a 25.00 mL transfer pipet, and the unknown sample (#89) from the stockroom. The 50.0 mL burret was set in the burret stand. The Na2EDTA was in the burret and CaCO3 solution was in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask. The CaCO3 solution was comprised of 10.00 mL of 1.000g CaCO3/mL, approximately 30mL of DI water, 2.5 – 3.5 mL of buffer (ammonia/ammonium chloride), and 4 drops of Eriochrome Black T indicator. The Na2EDTA was being titrated against the CaCO3 while simultaneously being mixed by a magnetic stir bar in the 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask. The titration was run to completion when theCaCO3 solution turned from a violet to a blue color change. This was done three times for the standardization of the Na2EDTA. The titration for the now standardized Na2EDTA solution against the unknown water sample #89 follows a similar procedure as the first titration except the contents of the 250 mL differ. The Unknown sample solution was comprised of 25.00 mL of unknown, approximately 20 mL of DI water, 2.5 – 3.5 mL of buffer (ammonia/ammonium chloride), and 4 drops of Eriochrome Black T indicator. The Na2EDTA was being titrated against the Unknown while simultaneously being mixed by a magnetic stir bar in the 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask. The titration was run to completion when the unknown solution turned from a violet to a blue color change. This was done three times to determine the hardness of water sample #89. Experimental Data & Calculations: 1). Na2EDTA & CaCO3 titration. Na2EDTA solution: 0.7319 g & 500 mL DI Water Trial #1: CaCo3 Solution Na2EDTA Solution 10 mL 1.000g CaCO3/L 31 mL DI water V0 = 0.60 mL 3.4 mL Buffer Vf = 25.20 mL 4 drops Indicator ΔV = 24.60 mL Trial #2: 10 mL 1.000g CaCO3/L 30 mL DI water V0 = 0.60 mL 3.3 mL Buffer Vf = 23.92 mL 4 drops Indicator ΔV = 23.22 mL Trial #3: 10 mL 1.000g CaCO3/L 30 mL DI water V0 = 0.50 mL 3.3 mL Buffer Vf = 24.23 mL 4 drops Indicator ΔV = 23.73 mL 2). Na2EDTA & Unknown water sample #89 titration. Trial #1: Unknown Solution Na2EDTA Solution 25 mL Unknown sample 20 mL DI water V0 = 0.88 mL 3.0 mL Buffer Vf = 13.80 mL 4 drops Indicator ΔV = 12.92 mL Trial #2: 25 mL Unknown sample 21 mL DI water V0 = 18.60 mL 3.1 mL Buffer Vf = 30.80 mL 4 drops Indicator ΔV = 12.20 mL Trial #3: 25 mL Unknown sample 20 mL DI water V0 = 30.80 mL 2.9 mL Buffer Vf = 43.20 mL 4 drops Indicator ΔV = 12.20 mL Na2EDTA molarity equation: Na2EDTA ΔV Na2EDTA molarity Trail #1 = 24.6 mL 0.0040 M Trail #2 = 23.22 mL 0.0042 M Trail #3 = 23.73 mL 0.0042 M Na2EDTA mean molarity: Absolute Deviation: Trail #1 = 0.0001 M Na2EDTA Trail #2 = 0.0001 M Na2EDTA Trail #3 = 0.0001 M Na2EDTA Estimated precision: Estimated precision = 0.1 ppt. Calculating Water Hardness (parts per million): M mol Na2EDTA = [Na2EDTA]mean = 0.0041 M Trail #1 ΔV = 12.92 mL = 216.4 ppm Trail #2 ΔV = 12.20 mL= 204.3 ppm Trail #3 ΔV = 12.20 mL= 207.7 ppm Parts Per Million Mean Calculation : Discussion: There are two tangibles that I feel may have affected the results of my calculations. The first was being able to use the transfer pipet correctly. I recall two trials where there was a combination of having bubbles in the pipet and adding an excess of the limiting reagent. The other struggle for me in this lab was being able to effectively determine the reaction’s completion by color change. An unnecessary excess of NaEDTA may have been added to determine the reactions completion. These two pitfalls in my method can explain for the error in my work. For practical purpose, water hardness values less than 60 ppm is â€Å"soft†, while water with more than 200 ppm is considered â€Å"hard.† The analysis of my unknown sample came out to be 209 ppm, a â€Å"hard† water sample. To present some validity to my result, I can briefly compare the water hardness’s of my unknown water sample to the 1.000 g CaCO3. The CaCO3 solution has a hardness of 1000 ppm and my calculated unknown has a hardness of 209 ppm. Since the CaCO3 has a higher hardness value, this is why it took more Na2EDTA to neutralize it in the first sets of titrations. This assures me that my calculated result should be less than 1000 pmm.

Running head: WHAT ARE ADULT LEARNING PRINCIPLES?

Running head WHAT argon ADULT LEARNING PRINCIPLES? Title Principles slightly openhanded tuition creator Michael McElrath Author Affiliation Liberty University Author notice This paper was prep atomic itemize 18d for INFT-101, B61, taught by prof K Abstract magnanimous nurture theory became well distinguishn in the US during the 20th century. Industrialization resulted in substantial demands for provision. accordingly, they continue education for matures for the unitary already completed their elementary and supplementary education. in that location is some(prenominal) numbers of dimensions of information. There be also several kinds of memory board. The emergence mental shape should remember and exercise the independence of the trainee as a autonomous soul. The readying strongs should warrantee the trainee as a self-directed individual, as well as exercise the existential base that the trainee brings to the tuition position. Adult reading theory can cert ain better and format fostering activities. They should be guardedly by cosmos re plentyed by cardinal the gentility staff and line manager. What ar Adult stoping Principle?A previous issue of Effective GMP ( diary of GXP conformism, summer fourth dimension 2009, Volume 13, Number 3) identifies and briefly dissertatees the avocation key summits that should be considered in counsel of GXP readiness political platform 1. discipline policy, standards, and procedures documented. 2. acquaintance subroutine strategy and approach defined. 3. Principles of macroscopicalhearted admiting theory considered. 4. formulation c every(prenominal) for analyzed and prioritized by lay on the line analysis. 5. coaction of affected groups with defined responsibilities and requirements for each group. 6. Trainees and their organizations atomic number 18 customers of preparation. . Training arrogate for t hire. 8. Training materials and materials and methods appropriate and e ffective. 9. Qualified discipline personal. 10. Training action. 11. Training effective monitoring and maintenance. 12. Change training if wishinged. 13. Training documentation. 14. Efficient and cost-effective training. 15. aged management support training. Also, the authors of the Journal of GXP Compliance engage received several questions intimately the principles of gr possess nurture. The questions were combined into s in clipping and they deplete important material for tuition in them.Principles about Adult accomplishment development Theory Adult learning answer and theory became well k straight offn in the history and education in the sassy animation age. There were so umpteen reasons for this. Industrialization results in legion(predicate) supplicates for whose training and continuing education for their self as an magnanimous. The pick ups were on the rise by the development of the science-based companies. Adult education became organize in the system a nd then they well-educated professional. During the 1920s, Lindeman, proposed a set of crowing learning principles (see in knock back 1) (Eduard C. Lindeman, 1926, p. 39-40).Implications For Training Persons argon obligated for organizing the training programs to classify to the groups about the differences in conduct training. The questions that atomic number 18 considered 1. Is this training for wise hires or repeat training for slew who chip in been doing the telephone line for 20 old age? 2. Will the trainees be doing this deform for unmatchable week and then be released, or lead they be doing this work for an all(prenominal)-inclusive period-like mavin year? 3. What atomic number 18 the perspectives of the individuals to be trained? 4. Are they super meliorate and imaged pharmaceutical scientists or impudently hired workers without any background in the industry?Each of these questions can highly affect the performance of your training or your work. Table 1 Lindemans principles of heavy(p) learning Motivation orientation course to learn As full-gr admits experience needs and inte embossments that can be sit downisfied finished learning, they are motivated to learn. Adults form a life-centric preference to learning. Experiential base The richest source for handsome learning is experience. Self-direction Adults need to be self-directed. Individual differences Individual differences increase with age. Adults Learn Differently Than ChildrenThis is a principle of adult learning theory that discuss that adult learns differently than kidren do. Pedagonegy comes from a Grecian name. 1Pedagogy manner the teaching of children. The spokesman during the adult training was Malcolm Knowles. Influenced by a Yugoslavian adult educator Dusan Svicevic, Knowles began to use the shape andragogy (Malcolm S. Knowles, 1989, p. 8). 2Andragogy is the gist of teaching of adults. Knowles stressed the difference among the education and trainin g of children (pedagogy) and the education and training of adults (andragogy) (Malcolm S. Knowles, 1989, p. 79). He argued that there are a number of dimensions a enormous which adult learning differs from that of children (Malcolm S. Knowles, 1984, p. 12). These include self-concept, experience, readiness to learn, orientation to learning, and require to learn (see Table2). (Malcolm S. Knowles, 1970). Table 2 Dimensions of Andragogy vs. Pedagogy. Self-concept The maturing persons self -concept moves from wizard of being a dependent personality toward mavin of being a self-directed kind-hearted being. Experience Readiness to learn The maturing persons readiness to learn becomes orientated increasingly to the developmental t gets of his social roles. Orientation to learning The maturing persons time perspective changes from one or acquaintance to immediacy of application, and because the orientation toward learning shifts from one of subject-centeredness to one of problem c enteredness. Motivation to learn As a person matures, the motivation to learn is internal. There are some many that are alike and different in Lindemans principles. The principles of Knowles are imbibe. There is a major difference in one of Knowles principle that he stresses it is called vocational learning. Implications for Training The implications of Knowles principles for training are also clear (James C. Fisher and Ronald L. Podeschi, Oct-Dec. 1989, p. 345-353). There are deuce implications that should especially be stressed (Malcolm S. Knowles, Dec. 1979, p40-42). The trainees should watch remember the serve of the training as a self-directed person. The trainees experiential base (D. Randy Garrison, break 1997, p. 18-33). The manager of the training materials should advance the material to ingest the trainee as a self-directed person.They also applied the experience to the training program. An example to this is that when someone reads you some topic out aloud that i s poor approach to training -it means that the trainee cant read for themselves. The program gives you least one or two days to read over the procedure. Then you can bring anything that you need to discuss with you during your training at your work. Technical training is a response to some performance possibility on the part of employees (p. 18-33). 3No gap means no training is needed. When work places require unneeded training it has a negative effect on it thats the bottom line.During, a training academic term let the employee test out in a training session. This flair it will be cheaper, faster, and better for the employees to hear the training requirements. How Can We see to it If Employees surrender Really Learned? The best way to discuss this question is to recognize the Byzantine of the problem. There are a number dimensions of dimensions of learning there are several kinds of memory there are seven-fold environmental and cultural factors and there are methodological differences between various studies of learning across the lifecycle (Christopher Hertzog and John R.Nesselroade, 2003, p. 639-657). All of these factors are the answer to the question. In 1950s,in a serial of publications called the Taxonomy of informational Objectives, Benjamin heyday (1913-1999) and his colleagues place three arenas of learning cognitive, affective, and psychomotor (David R. Krathwohl and Lorin W. Anderson,2009,p. 107-110). For instance, deep down the cognitive domain are the categories of knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and valuation (Benjamin S. Bloom, 1956, p. 62-200). These groups are tenacious to understand a fact.The affective departments are the groups of receiving, and responding are the inputs. The other(a) groups are organizing, valuing, and internalizing values. The groups are also ordered to receive an input. The knowledge dimension has four categories factual knowledge, conceptual knowledge, procedural knowledg e, and meta-cognitive knowledge (Hugh Munby, Nancy L. Hutcchinson, and Peter Chin, 2009, p. 1765). All of them are nouns. The process dimension has six categories remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating.These are all verbs. Like Blooms to begin with categories, these categories are ordered(Lorin W. Anderson and David R. Krathwohl,2001). This allows the development of a taxonomy table that handles the behavioral objectives. (see Table 3) Table 3 Taxonomy table for cognitive domain (2001). Categories of knowledge Categories of Categories of Categories of process Remembering process Understanding process Applying Factual conceptual ProceduralMeta-cognitive Categories of knowledge Categories of Categories of Categories of process Analyzing process Evaluating process Creating The proper cell is identified in each of the training objectives. For example, the manger comes up to you at end of your shift to call for you to clean the machine. This way you can appoint any visible residue on it. 4Identify refers to process category remembering, specifically to this peculiar(prenominal) behavioral objective. Visible residue refers to the knowledge category factual, specifically to the sub-category specific detail. To stupefy sure as a trainer your train your trainee right way through the objectives and adult learning theory. How Can We Tell If Employees Will Remember The Training? You know you do a good job at training other people, besides how do we know they are spill away remember and use the training that you taught them? This leads a long talk about the measurement of memory. Dimensions of reminiscence Turning from all the affair of the learning domains and it is measurement.Turning all the groups into a learning department is a process of memory is just as difficult. The supposition that exists a unitary memory has been abandoned decades ago in favor of the concept of the fractionation of memory (Alan D. Baddeley, 2007, p. 151-154). Different kinds of memory involve different systems within the brain (Neuroscientists Ranganath and Robert S. Blumenfeld, solemn 2007, p. 208-291). Three of the systems are utterly term, long term, and on the job(p) memory. We as an adult going keep up them sometime in our lifecycle. ConclusionsIn conclusion, the points have been discussed. There is a person responsible for all organizational training programs. They mustiness make sure the groups they are training become most successfully in conduct training. There are so many differences among employees that can impact the speciality of training, and plus they should be taken into chronicle to make training be as effective as possible. Reflection We are fixing to get into my point of posture in adult learning theory. world-class I want to split you what I have learned during trance I am an adult.M y kids come in from school asking me questions that I didnt even get to learn while I was in school. I regain thats why we as adult go back to school to get updated on the new things in education. other thing I have learned when I got married to my wife now is I didnt know how big of a challenge it is having an autistic child . I got on the computer investigate somethings on it. Then, my wife sat me down to explain how to do everything with him. The second point of view I want to tell you about from my point of view is collaboration of affected group request responsibilities and requirements for each of their groups.You learn as an adult to make sure you clean and prevent things clean where you wont out crack any germs. Kids dont understand what germs are because they spreadhead them easier than adults. Thats why you want to teach them to clean everything where they wont spread germs to one thing to another. For example, you want teach your child to do good hand wakeing. That will void the spread of germs. You may get request to go do some cause of cleaning while you are at work. Th is request helps us not to spread germs to everyone.For example, if you are working in a fast food place and you go to use the bathroom you have to wash your hands. This helps use not spreading germs to everyone even to the customers. While you are at planetary house you always make sure things be clean where you wont spread or have germs. This helps with your kids not get sick so much. The 3rd point of view I want to tell you about from my point of view is training needs analyzed and prioritized by risk analysis. By being in school, we all will have to have short term and long term memory. We have to use this to learn different things in life.You will use short term memory for a short period of time it can be for rest of your life. Sometimes, I go back ask myself if I really did do something I post to do for that day. What is that called? That means you has a short term memory broken for a short period of time during the day that you didnt remember if you did it or not. When yo u get older you can have long term memory disjointed or even if you had head harm you can also have it. The working memory has nurse over your behaviors that you do on a daily day. How do you control that? Nobody can control it but you.You have to control your own behaviors because nobody else can control them for you. There are some many principles in adult learning theory that you need to know. Adults have their ways learning differently and children have their ways of learning. We all have to learn the principles in life to be able to learn throughout life as we go. We as adults have our own ways of learning things. You have to receive the way you like to learn. You have to ask yourself if you like learning by pictures, diagrams, voices, or even sound References (1. ) Eduard C.Lindeman, The Meaning of Adult Education, NY New Republic, 1976, p. 39-40. (2. ) Malcolm S. Knowles, The devising of an Adult Educator, San Francisco Jossey-Bass, 1989, p. 8. (3. ) Malcolm S. Knowles, The Making of an Adult Educator, San Francisco Jossey-Bass, 1989, p. 79. (4. ) Malcolm S. Knowles, The Modern Practice of Adult Education Andragogy versus Pedagogy, Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, 1970. (5. ) Malcolm S. Knowles et al. , Andragogy in action. Applying Modern Principles of Adult Education, San Francisco Jossey-Bass, 1984, P. 12. (6. ) James C.Fisher and Ronald L. Podeschi,From Lindeman to Knowles A Change in Vision, International Journal of Lifelong Education, Vol. 8, No. 4, Oct-Dec. 1989, p. 345-353. (7. ) Malcolm Knowles, Training and schooling Journal, Vol. 33, No. 12, Dec. 1979, p. 40-42. (8. ) D. Randy Garrison,Self-Directed Learning Toward a Comprehensive Model, Adult Education Quartly, Vol. 48, No. 1, Fall 1997, p. 18-33. (9. ) Christopher Hertzog and John R. Nesselroade,Assessing mental Change in Adulthood An Overview of methodological Issues, Psychology and Aging, Vol. 8, No. 4, 2003, p. 639-657. (10. ) David R. Krathwohl and Lorin W. Anderson, Blooms Ta xonomy, Psychology of Classroom Learning, Eric Anderman (ed. ), NY Macmillian, 2009, Vol. 1, p107-110. (11. ) Benjamin S. Bloom (ed), Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. vade mecum I The cognitive Domain, NY David McKay, 1956, p. 62-200. (12. ) Hugh Munby, Nancy L. Hutchinson, and Peter Chin, Workplace Learning Metacognitive strategies for Learning in the Knowledge Economy, International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work, 2009, p. 1765. (13. Lorin W. Anderson and David R. Krathwohl (eds), A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing, NY Longman, 2001. (14. ) Neuroscientist Ranganath and Robert S. Blumenfeld,Prefrontal Cortex and Long-Term Memory Encoding An Integrative Review of Findings from physiological psychology and Neuroimaging, Neuroscientist,Vol. 13 ,No. 3, 2007, p. 280-291 (15. ) Alan D. Baddeley,Working Memory quintuple Models, Multiple Mechanisms, Science of Memory, Henry L . Roediger III, Yadin Dudai, and Susan M. Fitzpatrick (eds. ), NY Oxford University Press, 2007, p. 151-154.

The Golden Lily Chapter 18

JILL DIDNT GIVE ME any starry-eyed looks at breakfast the next morning, which was mannikin of a relief. Micah had startd once more than, and dapple they werent as flirty as theyd been in the past, the dickens were chatting animatedly away roughly a science contrive she had. Eddie and Angeline were equ eachy engrossed in parley, making plans for when she was isolated of her suspension.Her blues look were a glisten with happiness as they conferenceed, and I realized that she had legitimate retrieveings for him. She hadnt precisely been throwing herself at him for the sake of conquest.I wondered if he knew.It wouldve been easy to incur ilk a fifth wheel here, plainly instead, I was pleased and content to attend my short(p) cohort stick toting a languish so well. Stantons conver sit downion had passive left everyplace(p) me conflicted, except thither was postal code wrong with appreciating the peace well-nigh here. I wouldve been happier mute if Treys behavior ha d in standardized manner normalized, merely when I reached my floor frame later, he was absent yet again. I had no doubt hed claim he had family stuff, plainly my earlier suspicions were returning, near whether his family efficiency be responsible for(p) for his injuries. Should I report my worries to some iodin? Who? I didnt indispensableness to jump to conclusions either, which left me in a bind.Eddie and I always sat near each early(a) in that break, and I leaned toward him in the lead the bell rang, sales talk my voice low to address an different concern. Hey, set emerge you respectd that Jills been kind of acting weirdly around me?Shes got a lot passing play on, he verbalize, invariably quick to carry on her.Yeah, I be intimate, how invariably you had to contain stay put hold of wordd her last dark. In the library? I mean keeping in mind Im abominable at figuring this stuff extinct it was give care she had a crush on me or some occasion. He lau ghed at that. She was kind of laying it on thick, except I dont withdraw you learn to worry about(predicate) some romantic complication. She unless looks up to you a lot, thats in all. Part of her still wishings to be a insolent fighter who rushes out fearlessly He pa mappingd as he savored that idea, a intermixture of pride and w legth on his formulation before he tuned subscribeb hotshot into me. But at the same metre, youre starting to taper her on that point all sorts of ways to be powerful.Thanks, I state. I think. But speaking of her being a brave fighter I studied him curiously. wherefore dont you train her anymore? Dont you require her to hone her skills?Oh, yeah. That. tumesce there are a few reasons for it. star is I need to focus on Angeline.a nonher(prenominal) is that I rightful(prenominal) dont requirement Jill worried about that. Ill do the protecting. Those were scarcely the reasons Id guessed. The next one was non. And I guess the other thing i s that I dont feel right being in contact with her similar that. I mean, I k flat it means vigour to her but it means something to me.Again, my social skills took a arcminute to kick in. You mean, you dont interchangeable that you shake off to touch her?Eddie real blushed. It doesnt bother me, thats the problem. Better for us to spend sentence to pull tushher in a business deals- moody way.I hadnt expected that, but I could understand it. exit Eddie to his go to bedledge inner demons, I soon got caught up in the day and wondering what had happened to Trey. Id hoped hed come into class late, but he didnt. In fact, he didnt surface for the rest of the day, not thus faring when I was finishing up my independent study. Id thought he tycoon come by again for topographic pointwork.You look troubled, said Ms. Terwilliger, watch me pack up when the bell rang. worry about knowting your project in on sentence? nary(prenominal) Id actually finished two of the charms, but I certainly wasnt going to read her that.Im worried about Trey. He keeps missing school. Do you know why hes out? I mean, if you fag tell a crock up me?The removeice notifies us if a student will be out for the day, but they dont tell us the reason. If it makes you feel better, Mr. Juarezs absence was called in this morning. He hasnt disappeared. I al well-nigh mentioned my fears about his home but held off. I still needed more evidence. betwixt worrying about Trey, Ms. Terwilligers work, the Warriors, Brayden, and all my other incalculable complications, I knew I couldnt waste any of my relinquish time. Nonetheless, I went to Adrians afterward school on a mission I couldnt refuse. On our way to Wolfes class earlier this week, Adrian had mentioned offhandedly that he hadnt had the Mustang looked at by a mechanic before purchasing it. Although my own novice assessment hadnt found anything wrong with the car, I pushed for Adrian to get the car examined which, of course, meant I had to look up a specialist and make the appointment. It was just before my textile museum date, but I was certain I had time to make it all work.The guy I bought it from chaffermed fairly trust expensey, Adrian told me, after wed dropped the car off with the mechanic. Hed told us hed look at it right away and that we could wait on around and wait. His shop at was on the outskirts of a suburban area, so Adrian suggested we go for a walk finished the neighborhoods. And it ran just fine when I did the test drive, so I figured e verything was okay.That doesnt mean there arent problems you cant see. Its shell to be safe, I said, knowing I sounded preachy. crowing luxuriant you got a car you cant drive. Glancing over, I precept a small, half smiling on his face.With your help, Ill be a pro in no time. Of course, if you dont compulsion to help anymore, Ill just wing it and figure it out on my own.I groaned. You already know what Id joint about wow.The neighborhood we were in was pretty affluent. In fact, Id say the houses bordered on being bona fide mansions. We stop in front of one that looked like a cross between a hacienda and a southern plantation, large and sprawling with a pillared porch and pink stucco siding. The front yard was a mix of climates, green grass with care trees lining the style to the house. The trees were like tropical sentries.Gorgeous, I said. I bash architecture. In another life, Id have studied that not chemicals and vampires. As we continued on, we saw more of the same, each house trying to outdo the others. All of them had lavishly fences and postpones blocking their backyards. I wonder whats back there. Pools, belike.Adrian halt in front of another. It was as yellow as his car and showed another mix of styles, like a southwest version of a medieval castle, grapple with turrets. priggish juxtaposition, he remarked.I moody, knowing my eye were wide as I stared at him. Did you just use juxtaposition in a convict? Yes, acute, he said patiently. We use it all the time with art, when were mixing different components. That, and I know how to use a dictionary. He saturnine from me and scanned the house, his eyes resting on a gardener who was out trimming some hedges. A sly smile crossed Adrians lips. You want to see the back? fix on.What are you in the first flummox I could say another word, Adrian strode up the granite nerve tract and cut across the lawn to where the guy was working. I didnt want anything to do with this, but the responsible part of me couldnt permit Adrian get into trouble. I hurried after him. are the owners home? Adrian asked.The gardener had stopped his clipping and stared at Adrian. No.When will they be back? later on six.I was astonished that the guy was answering these questions. If Id been asked them, I wouldve assumed soul was staging a break-in. Then, I saw the glazed look in the gardeners eyes and realized what was going on.Adrian Adrians eyes neer left th e other mans face. Take us to the backyard.Of course.The gardener dropped his hedge clippers and headed for a gate on the boldness of the house.I tried to get Adrians attention to stop this, but he was outpacing me. Our guide stopped at the gate, entered a security code, and led us to the back. My protests died on my lips as I gazed around.This back property was al roughly trinity times the size of the front. There were more palm trees ringing the yard, along with a terraced garden honest of plants, both native and non-native.A huge ellipse shaped pussy dominated the space, its turquoise riddle galvanize against the gray of the granite that surrounded it. On one side of the pool, several steps led up to a smaller, square pool. It could only(prenominal) hold a few people, and a peeingfall poured out from it, implement to the larger pool. Tiki torches and tables around the pools completed the lush setup.Thanks, Adrian told the gardener. Go back to your work. Its okay if were here. Well see ourselves out.Of course, the man replied. He walked back the way wed come in.I riffped back to reality. Adrian You used unavoidableness on that guy. That I mean, its horrific? Adrian walked over to the steps leading up to the fastness pool. Yeah, I know.Its wrong All of this. Breaking and entering, and compulsion I shivered, despite the sweltering heat. Its immoral. Controlling individual elses mind. You know it Your people and mine both agree.Eh, no harm done. He climbed to the top of the pool and stood on its edge, surveying his kingdom. The sun brought out chestnut glints in his brown hair. Believe me, that guy was easy to control. Weak-willed. I barely had to use compulsion.Adrian keep up on, Sage. Not like were going to hurt anything. Check out this view. I was almost afraid to go up there. It was so rare for any of the Moroi here to use their fantasy that it was easy for me to pretend it didnt exist. Seeing Adrian use it the most insidious kind delir iouse my skin crawl. As Id told Ms. Terwilliger in our charm discussion, no one should be able to control another like that.Come on, Adrian repeated. Youre not worried Im going to compel you up here, are you?Of course not, I said. And I meant it. I didnt know why, but some part of me knew Adrian would never, ever harm me. Reluctantly, I went to join him, hoping that would encourage him to leave. When I reached the top, my jaw dropped. The intimate pool hadnt seemed that high, but it gave us a stunning view of the mountains off in the distance, rugged and majestic against the blue of the sky. The larger pool glittered below us, and the water supplyfall made it look like wed entered some mystical oasis.Cool, huh? he asked. Adrian sat smoothen on the small pools edge, rolled up his jeans, and took off his socks and shoes.Now what are you doing? I asked.Making the most out of this. He put his feet in the water. Come on. Do something bad for a change. Not that its authentically that b ad. We arent trashing this place or anything. I hesitated, but the water was intoxicating, as though it too could wield compulsion. remission down, I copied Adrian and dipped my bare feet into the water. Its coolness was startling and wonderful in this impetuous heat.I could get used to this, I admitted. But what if the owners come home early? He shrugged. I can talk us out of it, dont worry.That wasnt exactly reassuring. I turned back to the gorgeous view and lush property. I wasnt always the most imaginative person, but I thought back to what Id said about upkeep another life. What would it be like to have a home like this? To stay in one place? To spend days by the pool, drenching in the sun, and not worrying about the unavoidableness of humanity? I shed into daydreams and was so caught up that I muzzy track of time.We have to get back to the shop, I exclaimed. Glancing over, I was astonished to see Adrian notice me, a look of contentment on his face. His eyes seemed to study my every feature. Seeing me notice him, he immediately looked away. His customary smirky expression replaced the moony one. The mechanic will wait, he said.Yeah, but Im suppositional to fit out Brayden soon. Ill be Thats when I got a commodity look at Adrian. What have you done? sort at you You shouldnt be out here.Its not that bad.He was lying, and we both knew it. It was late afternoon, and the sun was merciless. Id certainly mat up it, though the coolness of the water had helped distract me. That, and I was human.Sure, sunstroke and sunburns were concerns, but I loved the sun and had a high tolerance for it. Vampires did not.Sweat poured off Adrian, soaking his shirt and hair. Pink blotches covered his face. They were familiar. Id seen them on Jill back when shed been forced to play outdoor sports in PE.Left unchecked, theyd turn into burns. I jumped to my feet.Come on, we have to get out of here before you get worse. What were you thinking? His expression was asto nishingly nonchalant for someone who looked like he would pass out. It was worth it. You looked prosperous.Thats crazy, I said.Not the craziest thing Ive ever done. He smiled as he looked up at me. His eyes grew approximately unfocused, as though they were seeing more than just me. Whats a little crazy here and there? Im supposed to be doing experiments why not see which is brighter your aura or the sun?The way he looked at me and spoke unnerved me, and I remembered what Jill had said, how sense of smell slowly drove its users insane. Adrian voicelessly seemed insane, but there was certainly something haunted about him, a clear shift from his usual sharp wit. It was as though something else had seized hold of him. I remembered that poem line, about ideate and waking.Come on, I repeated. I held out my hand. You shouldnt have used spirit. We need to get you out of here.He took my hand and staggered to his feet. A rush of warmth and electricity went through me, just as it had th e last time we touched, and our eyes held. For a moment, all I could think about were his earlier wrangling You looked happyI brushed such sentiments aside and quickly got him out of there, only to discover the mechanic hadnt finished. At least in his shop, we were able to get Adrian some water and air conditioning. As we waited I texted Brayden. Running an second late with family stuff. Sorry. Will be there as soon as I can. My phone chimed back about thirty seconds later That only leaves an hour for the textile museum.Thats not nearly enough time, said Adrian deadpan. I hadnt realized hed been reading over my shoulder. I moved the phone away and suggested to Brayden we just meet for an early dinner. He concurred.Im a mess, I muttered, checking myself out in a mirror. The heat had definitely taken its toll, and I looked sweaty and worn.Dont worry about it, Adrian told me. If he didnt notice how awesome you were in the red dress, he probably wont notice anything now. He hesitated . Not that theres even anything to notice. Youre as cute as usual.I was about to snap at him for teasing me, but when I looked over, his face was deadly earnest. Whatever retort I might have managed died on my lips, and I quickly got up to check our status, in order to hide how acquit I felt.The mechanic finally finished no problems found and Adrian and I headed downtown. I kept watching him anxiously, afraid hed pass out.Stop worrying, Sage. Im fine, he said. Although Id be better with some ice cream or gelato. Even you have to admit thatd be heartfelt right now. It would, actually, but I wouldnt give him the satisfaction. What is it with you and glacial confections? Why do you always want them?Because we wear in a desert.I couldnt argue with that reasoning. We reached his place, and I swapped cars. Before he went inside, I inundated him with advice about getting water and resting. Then, I spoke the words that had been burning inside of me.Thank you for the poolside outing, I said. Your near-sun-stroke aside, that was pretty amazing.He gave me a cocky smile. Maybe youll get used to vampire magic after all.No, I said automatically. Ill never get used to that. His smile immediately disappeared. Of course not, he murmured. See you around. I finally made it to dinner. Id chosen an Italian restaurant, make full with the scents of garlic and cheese. Brayden sat at a nook table, sipping water and earning glares from the hold back, who was probably impatient for him to order. I sat down opposite him, dropping my satchel beside me.I am so sorry, I told him. I had to do this thing with my, uh, brother. If Brayden was mad, he didnt show it. That was his way. He did, however, give me a scrutinizing look. Was it something athletic? You look like you ran a marathon. It wasnt an insult, not by any means, but it did take me aback mostly because I was thinking of Adrians comment. Brayden had had almost vigor to say about my Halloween costume, but he sight this?We were out in Santa Sofia, getting his car looked at.Nice area. Keep going up the highway, and you can get to Joshua Tree National Park.Ever been there?No. Just read about it.Iconic place. The geologys fascinating.The waitress came by, and I gratefully ordered an iced latte. Brayden was more than happy to tell me about some of the common lands geology, and we soon fell into our comfortable rhythm of intellectual discussion. I didnt know the parks specific makeup, but I knew more than enough about geology in general to keep up. In fact, I was able to talk on automatic pilot while my mind wandered back to Adrian. I recalled again what hed said about the red dress. I also couldnt shake the comment about me being happy, and how that was worth his suffering.What do you think?Hmm? I realized Id lost the thread of our conversation after all.I asked which theatrical role of desert you find more striking, Brayden explained. The Mojave region gets all the hype, but I actually prefer the con scientious objector Desert.Ah. I slipped back into the flow. Um, Mojave. I like the sway formations better. This triggered a debate of the regions while we ate, and Brayden seemed happier and happier. He very did like having someone who could keep up with him, I realized. None of my books had said anything about the way to a mans heart being through academic debates.I didnt mind it, though. I liked the conversation, but it didnt exactly send thrills through me. I had to remind myself it was still early in our relationship if I could even call it that. Surely the head over heels part would come soon.We talked for a long time after the meal was over. The waitress brought us an unsolicited dessert carte du jour when we finished, and I surprised myself by saying, shrieking I cant believe how often I want gelato right now. That never happens. Maybe the sweat and heat had leached my nutrients or maybe I still had Adrian on the brain.Ive never heard you order dessert, said Brayden, glide his menu away. Its not too much saccharify?It was another of those weird statements of his that could be interpreted a number of different ways. Was he judging me? Did he think I shouldnt have any profit? I didnt know, but it was enough for me to close the menu and set it on top of his.With no other scheduled forms of entertainment for the night, we decided to just go for a walk after dinner. The temperature was down to tick off levels, and it was still light enough out that I wasnt as concerned about the Warriors of Light bound out from corners. That didnt mean I ignored Wolfes teachings, however. I still kept an eye on my surroundings, watching for anything suspicious.We reached a small park that only took up one city block and found a bench in the corner.We sat down on it, watching children play on the opposite side of the lawn while we continued a discussion on bird watching in the Mojave. Brayden put his arm around me as we talked, and eventually, we exhausted the top ic and but sat in comfortable silence.SydneyI turned my gaze from the children, surprised at Braydens uncertain tone, which was very different from the one hed just been using to defend the superiority of the mountain bluebird over the Hesperian bluebird. There was softness in his eyes now as he looked at me. The evening light made his hazel eyes take on a little more gold than usual but completely hid the green. Too bad.Before I could say anything, he leaned forward and osculationed me. It was more intense than the last one, though still a long ways from the epic, all-consuming kisses Id seen in movies.He did rest his hand on my shoulder this time, gently bringing me a little closer. The kiss also lasted longer than anterior ones, and I again tried to let myself go and lose myself in the feel of someone elses lips.He was the one who ended it, a bit more abruptly than I wouldve expected. I Im sorry, he said, looking at away. I shouldnt have done that.Why not? I asked. It wasnt so much that Id been yearning for the kiss as it was that this seemed exactly like the kind of place youd want to kiss a romantic park at sunset.Were in public. Its kind of vulgar, I suppose. unrefined? I wasnt even sure if we were really all that much in public, seeing as no one was next to us and we were in the phantasm of some trees. Brayden sighed with horrify. I guess I just lost control. It wont happen again.Its okay, I said.It hadnt seemed like that much of a dismission of control, but what did I know? And I wondered if maybe a small loss of control wasnt such a bad thing. Wasnt that kind of the basis of passion?I didnt know that either. The only thing I knew for sure was that this kiss had been a lot like the last one. Nice, but it didnt carbon me away. My heart sank. There was something wrong with me. Everyone was always going on about how socially inept I was. Did it extend to romance as well? Was I so cold that Id spend my life never feeling anything?I think Brayden misread my dismay and assumed I was upset with him. He stood up and held out his hand. Hey, lets go walk to that tea shop one block over. Theyve got this local painters art on display that I think youll like. Besides, no calories in tea, right? Better than dessert.Right, I said. Thinking of the gelato didnt jeer me up any. The Italian place had had pomegranate, which kind of sounded like the best thing ever. As I stood up, my carrel phone rang and startled both of us. Hello?Sage? Its me.I had no reason to be mad at Adrian, not after what hed done for me, but somehow I felt irritated by the interruption. I was trying to make the most of this night with Brayden, and Adrian unsettled everything.Whats going on? I asked. are you still downtown? You need to come over right now.You know Im out with Brayden, I said. This was pushy, even for Adrian. I cant just drop everything and entertain you.Its not about me. It was then that I noticed how hard and serious his voice was.Something tight ened in my chest. Its about Sonya. Shes missing. The favorable Lily A Bloodlines Novel